If dc excitation is used with the sealed tube co 2 laser then it is much like constructed as hene gas laser, however it is necessary to have an elaborate cooling system with the laser. May 22, 2006 powell, guidelines and data for laser cutting, in the industrial laser annual handbook, edited by d. Sheet metal cutting requires a power density of 10 6 wattsin 2 source. Department of engineering sciences and mathematics, lulea university of technology, 971 87 lulea, sweden john powell. Laser cutting technology a a commercial perspective. The cutting capabilities of the laser is directly proportional to the beam quality and beam waste of the laser.
Side shooting class 3a red laser pointer always on. Aim of this contribution is to present the optimization of the laser cutting process by artificial neural networks. Within hours i heard a fibre laser cutting salesman misquoting this as the co 2 laser is dead as far as cutting is concerned dirk petring says so. A comparison between co2 laser cutting and competitive techniques proc. Key technological parameters of laser cutting for stainless steel. Dross formation and process parameters analysis of fiber. Microstructure fabrication with a co2 laser system. Buy co2 laser cutting second edition 2 by powell, john isbn. Laser cutting leads because it is a direct process substitu tion and the laser can usually do the job with greater flexibility, speed and quality than its competitors. Polymethyl methacrylate pmma is a versatile thermoplastic that is well suited for engineering and many common applications. A plan of experiments was established considering co2 laser cutting with prefixed processing parameters in plates. Analysis of the heat affected zone in co2 laser cutting of stainless steel.
In an effort to make the book as readable and informative as possible the. Nozzle contamination dirt or spatter on the nozzle may deflect the gas jet to one side. Etching can be done on almost anything, wood, cardboard, aluminum, stainless steel, plastic, marble, stone, tile, and glass. Laser cutting is primarily accomplished by melt shearing. Since there is usually no material color change, the laser cuts are much better quality but conversely the laser marks have much lower visibility. It was invented by kumar patel of bell labs in 1964, and is still one of the most useful. Laser cutting technology a commercial perspective request pdf. In the present study, laser gas assisted cutting process is examined. Golyshev et al mechanical characteristics of highquality laser cutting of steel by fiber and co2 lasers v. Laser cutting 03 over the past decade, laser cutting has developed into stateoftheart technology. Quantum electronics 44 3 233238 2014 2014 kvantovaya elektronika and. Today most fiber laser cutting machines are today, most fiber laser cutting machines are used for thin sheets. Carbon dioxide lasers are the highestpower continuous wave lasers that are currently available. Co2 laser cutting explains and describes how engineering materials are cut using a co2 laser.
If youd like to learn more about ablative laser cutting, check out this article on micronscale manufacturing fiber lasers vs co 2. S363s373 cutting has become an area of great interest for research. The formulations provide theoretical and practical support for actual laser cutting of stainless steel. Slagfree laser cutting for aluminum, proceedings of spie. Pdf cw carbon laser cutting of plastics is studied experimentally and theoretically. The width of laser cut or kerf, quality of the cut edges and the operating cost are affected by laser power, cutting speed, assist gas pressure, nozzle diameter and focus point position as well as the workpiece material. I j duan, h c man and t m yuelaser oxygen cutting of mild steel. Focus invisible co2 laser first with the ruler then fire a dot on a piece of paper and align the red laser dot so it hits the same spot. John powell s book co2 laser cutting has a lot of information on wood and plastic along with a lot of information on everything else you can cut. Profile cutting in mild steel using a pulsed co2 laser. Abstract lasers are widely used in industry as cutting tools due to ultra flexibility of the cutting conditions, obtaining high quality end product, quick set up, nonmechanical contact between the workpiece and the tool, and small size of the heat affected zone. At its best, co 2 laser cut quality for steels is comparable to a good quality milled edge see figure 1 and figure 2. Most operators set it where it does what they want. Petring, summed up the fibre laser situation by saying that, if you compare the co 2 and fibre laser performance for thin section metal cutting, the co 2 laser is dead.
Innovation study for laser cutting of complex geometries. Thin carbon fiber mat can be cut, with some fraying but not when coated. Fomin et althis content was downloaded from ip address 207. Laser institute of america nitrogen purity related faults common faults dross side burning e. I dont know of any formal work on focus position in wood and acrylic. The process cuts at high speed compared to other profiling methods. Microchips for artificial intelligence, autonomous vehicles,and much more. Information is given on the cutting of metals and non metals on a wide range of levels from practical advice and processing parameters to explanations of the physical and chemical reactions which take. Apr 18, 2017 the guide covers all aspects of co2 and fiber laser cutting, including basic principles, cutting speeds, and cut quality, said dr. Statistical method based on factorial analysis is introduced. Never cut these materials cleveland public library. A list of acceptable materials appears later in this document. Laser power requirement for cutting thicksection steel and. What we show is a clear relationship between the thickness of the cut, the angle of the cut and cut depth and the laser energy.
The proposed laser cutting system uses a high power laser diode, a collimating lens and a double curvature aspheric lens to make a line laser. The incident laser power required for cutting at a given cutting speed is found to be lower for fibre laser cutting than for the co 2 laser cutting, indicating a higher absorption of the fibre laser beam. Pdf energy redistribution in laser cutting researchgate. Effect of process parameters and optimization of co2 laser cutting of ultra highperformance polyethylene. Information is given on the cutting of metals and non metals on a wide range of levels from practical advice and processing parameters to explanations of the physical and chemical reactions which take place in. Buy a discounted paperback of co2 laser cutting online from australias leading online bookstore. This machine was made by the western electric engineering research center.
These machines employ high powered co2 lasers to engrave and cut a variety of materials. Slagfree laser cutting for aluminum slagfree laser cutting for aluminum mostafa, a. The same machine will cut 5mm thick acrylic sheet at 12mmin1. Laser cutting experiments were performed with the developed supersonic nozzle assembly to demonstrate cutting of 50mmthick low carbon steel with 1kw co2 laser. Marking is accomplished by melting the surface of the plastic to provide a slightly engraved mark. Powell 1993, olsen 1988, even when it is well know that a co2 laser is suitable for cutting other nonmetallic materials such as glass, plastic, rubber, paper, wood, etc. This video shows one of our fb series flat bed co2 laser cutting machines laser cutting 10mm acrylic. Information is given on the cutting of metals and non metals on a wide range of levels from practical advice and processing parameters to explanations of the physical and chemical reactions which take place in the cut zone. For example a 1500w co 2 laser will cut 2mm thick mild steel at 7. When the laser beam is focused it can generate one of the worlds most intense energy sources, more intense than flames and arcs, though similar to an electron beam. For over 30 years, due to the constant expansion of its application fields, co2 laser cutting machine is improved continuously. The optional beam combiner provides better performance since it.
There is quite a lot of research on cutting finished cfrp parts using lasers 810 but very little literature could be found on cutting of dry fibers using lasers. The distribution of energy across the laser beam cross section is called its mode 3 poor mode quality results in poor cutting quality 3 laser mode identification and tuning require training a. This paper describes the mechanisms by which nonferrous metals can be cut by co2 laser. As we increase the energy, the conic laser beam will burn the material from the workface towards the base in a cylindrical volume and therefore create parallel walls between the kerf. Laser cutting of austenitic stainless steel with a high quality laser beam. The materials that the laser can cut materials like wood, paper, cork, and some kinds of plastics. Sheet metal cutting with fiber lasers swissphotonics. In particular, we examine the influence of the cutting sequence, the number of cut passes, the laser beam velocity and the laser radiant flux. Dross formation and process parameters analysis of fiber laser cutting of stainless steel thin sheets d. Heating is achieved by focusing a laser beam on the surface of the part. Therefore, co2 laser cutting technology has developed rapidly in china. It is estimated that more than 40,000 cutting systems are used for the highpower cutting of metals and nonmetals worldwide. This laser configuration can be pumped either with dc or rf excitation methods.
In the fore of these new technologies is the process of laser cutting. However, to achieve these high speeds with high quality con siderable know how and experience is required. The two most common types of laser cutting machines are fiber laser and co 2 co 2 lasers use an electromagnetically stimulated gastypically, a mixture. Approximately 80% of the time while the program is running the laser is cutting, this is the majority of the processing time. Oct 15, 2003 we discuss the cutting process with the laser system and present a straightforward model for the channel depth of microchannels dependent on the fabrication parameters. In fact the intensity is such that it can vaporise most known materials. Paper i investigates the effect of material type, material thickness, laser wavelength, and laser power on the efficiency of the cutting process for industrial stateoftheart co 2 and fibre laser cutting machines. This work presents a technique for cutting glass tubes, without the need of preheating or any posterior action. A deep dive into laser cutter speed and power make. We are always developing our existing range of laser cutting machines, one of our latest. Light from a co2 laser is powerful enough to cut many materials, including cloth, wood and paper.
Laser cutter user guide the following is an outline of policies, procedures and precautions associated with the. Upgraded cnc 3018 pro 5500mw laser engraver 2 in 1 cnc cutting and engraving machine. In 1967, the british pioneered laser assisted oxygen jet cutting for metals. Innovation study for laser cutting of complex geometries with paper materials a. The function relation among cutting speed, thickness of plate and power is defined, which is verified to get perfect cutting quality in trumpf l3030. Laser cutting quality assessment and thermal efficiency. Rotating the piece under a laser beam focused on the surface at the zone were its to be cut, stresses will not act, and while the material is dissociated at the laser beam irradiated volume, at its frontiers the glass reduces his viscosity allowing that the resulting faces become. Co2 laser cutting dr john powell dsc, dic, ceng, cphys. Laser cutting is a popular manufacturing process utilized to cut various types of materials economically. Nozzle material standoff compare to earlier successful results 3 normally the standoff is 0.
Co2 laser cutting dr john powell dsc, dic, ceng, cphys auth. Evaluation of cutting quality of pmma using co 2 lasers. Processing plastics with co2 lasers synrad applications lab. Powell john, co2 laser cutting of metals, lia handbook of laser materials. Department of engineering sciences and mathematics, lulea university of technology, 971 87 lulea, sweden and laser expertise ltd. This allows you to create highly precise engravings in a short amount of time. The worlds first co2 laser cutting machine was born in the 1970s. Laser cutting is a process based on the removal of material by heating and cutting the part following a determined trajectory. This paper experimentally investigates the cut quality of laser cutting for the age hardened inconel 718 nickel based super alloy, with the use of a continuous co2 4. Over the past decade, laser cutting has developed into stateoftheart technology. The original workhorse of industrial laser cutting is the co 2 laser and the most commonly cut materials are steels. Pdf working principle of co2 laser cutting machine. Here the cutting efficiency is defined in its most fundamental terms.
The final piece of the puzzle for laser processing is the cutting speed. The carbon dioxide laser co 2 laser was one of the earliest gas lasers to be developed. Co2 2 kwco 2 2 kw 8000 0 12000 14000 mmmin bylaser4000bylaser4400 bylaser5200 q lit co2 4 kw co2 4. John powell at lulea university of technology john powell. We discuss the cutting process with the laser system and present a straightforward model for the channel depth of microchannels dependent on the fabrication parameters. In the early 1970s, this technology was put into production to cut titanium for aerospace applications.
Analysis of the heat affected zone in co 2 laser cutting s364 thermal science, year 2012, vol. Investigation of the piercing process in laser cutting of. This article presents a study to evaluate the effect of the processing parameters laser power and cutting velocity under the quality of the cut of pmma. Some aspects of the physics and chemistry laser cutting 11. Highquality laser cutting of stainless steel in inert gas. Materials dealt with include titanium, alumimium, copper and nickel alloys. It was invented by kumar patel of bell labs in 1964, 1 and is still one of the most useful. In the laser cutting process, most of the lasers used are co 2 or solid state lasers nd. Given its dominance in the sheet metal cutting industry, this article focuses on laser fusion cutting. W this power can be added to the 900 watts of the laser itself and the sum is the power input to the cutting process. The basic mechanism of laser cutting is extremely simple and can be summarised as follows.
With touch control hello everybodyabout a year ago, i wanted to buy a co2 lasercutter to make my workspace complete. Laser cutting is a technology that uses a highpower laser to scan material surface, and the material is heated in an extremely short time, leading to the temperature rises up to 103 or 104k, then the melting and vaporization phenomena occur. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. In industrial environments, lasers are applied nowadays in. Microstructure fabrication with a co2 laser system iopscience. Maiman actually built his first laser using a crystal, a ruby in his case. Co2 laser cutting second edition 9781852330477 by powell, john and a great selection of similar new, used and collectible books available now at great prices. Laguna tools co2 laser cutting machines include working area options of 24. The general principles of cutting are similar for both types of laser although co 2 lasers dominate the market for reasons, which will be discussed later in the paper. Co2 laser beam polarisation requires careful control for successful metal cutting. A relative newcomer to the laser cutting scene is the high brightness bre or disk laser.
One problem was that lasercutters arent cheap, especially not for hobbyists who want a large cutting area. Laser comparison cutting speed and rate of feed jmtusa. With truflow, you can cut and weld two and threedimensional workpieces or perform surface processing. Most laser cutting is carried out using co 2 or nd. Uttiny cnc laser engraving machine kit, 500mw2500mw adjustable laser 50cmx40cm diy desktop printer logo picture marking printer for wood carving engraving cutting machine 2500mw 3. Co2 laser cutting explains and describes how engineering materials are cut. Considerable research studies have been carried out to examine the laser cutting process, with some of. The co2 lasers from trumpf are wellsuited to efficient and costeffective processing of a wide range of materials.
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